【技术讨论】The relationship between n..

建筑交流

实践中，(UNSW-ABBS竞赛参赛文章) It is hard for me to write in English, and my English is hard for you to read. So, please let me say sorry at the beginning. The argument about the new National Theater(国家大剧院) in Beijing has lessened. So we can discuss it with neutrally attitude. The French architect Andrew's project surpasses all others. Andrew has more radical design idea than most of China architect. He deems that in a changing world, it is no sense to copy old forms with new technique. If we do that, our culture, which we take great effort to preserve, will lose its vigor. The dissident said that the new National Theater should be a compromise among environment, technique, social custom, and cost. According to this instruction, some of the project designed by Chinese architect absorbs traditional detail. All of the argument above has its meaning, we should analyze all of these points. But the question is which is more suit for the situation, what is the tendency of 21-century China? It is valuable to recall the history recently. There are two important building group that near new National Theater: Ancient palace, Legislature(人民大会堂) and Military Museum. Their relationship is interesting. The later did not directly copy forms from the former, because the China changes between 1900s and 1950s. In some degree, some things are happened twice in 40 years. National Theater and Legislature(人民大会堂) have 3 point of sameness: 1. Both two are built when china in its fake or real prosperity, both have political meaning. 2. Both two are experience. 3. Both two are deeply influenced by foreign architecture. In different time, there are different field in learning. In 1950s, China learned from Soviet Union's Beaux art system; in 1990s China mainly learn from western developed country. Though these comparison we can see some characteristic of China architecture: 1. China has a strong political power, which could influence all the other social class including architects. 2. Although most China architecture consider more pragmatic propose, practical discipline and technological reality than the classical concept of formal and autonomous 'architecture'.。

相关讨论：
1. 各位同行在实际项目中有没有类似处理经验可以分享？遇到这类情况通常从哪些方向入手分析问题根源？

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关于国家大剧院与现代建筑形式

这个争论当年确实很激烈，现在大家能冷静下来讨论是好事。Andrew的方案能在竞赛中脱颖而出，我个人觉得核心在于他抓住了几个关键点。

首先，他彻底放弃了在传统中寻找形式符号的做法，而是从场地、功能和当代技术出发。在长安街这样的核心地段，四周都是极具象征意义的历史建筑，继续用大屋顶或者传统立面反而不容易协调。用一个大尺度的椭圆穹顶，以一种“漂浮”的姿态介入，反而形成了一种对比中的和谐，这跟贝聿铭在卢浮宫前面的金字塔是一个思路——用现代性来激活历史。

其次，国家大剧院作为国家级文化设施，它的建筑形式本身就应该体现时代性。如果还停留在复制斗拱和坡屋顶，那跟清朝的戏园子有什么区别？建筑是石头的史书，这个时代的建筑就该记录这个时代的技术和审美。当然，施工过程中确实遇到了很多结构和水下难题，但最终能建成投入使用，说明技术上是有可行性的。

至于很多人诟病的“与周围环境格格不入”，我觉得这恰恰是它的价值所在。城市需要多样性，一个完全和谐的环境其实很无聊。巴黎的蓬皮杜中心、伦敦的劳埃德大厦，刚建成时都被骂得狗血淋头，现在成了城市名片。国家大剧院未来会不会也这样，时间会给答案。

一点个人看法，欢迎拍砖。